The Domain Name System (DNS) system is used to allocate internet protocol address to a domain name. Every computer connected to the internet must have an IP address in order to receive the information on the network. The IP address is represented in the form of numbers and dots e.g. 172.165.0.1. A DNS system with a domain server resolves this address to words that will be easy to remember.

A DNS Server is categorized into two basic types i.e. the Private DNS Server and Public DNS Servers. However, using Public DNS servers might result in problems such as cache poisoning and DNS amplification attacks. Out of the two the Public DNS servers are mostly used. A private server is used to set up private home connection.

Public DNS server is open and can easily be accessed by virtually any computer user. It is managed by volunteer engineers free of charge and they are commonly powered by FreeBSD servers which are protected by uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS). Users can find their IP by sending a query to WHOIS server or the DNS database using various DNS management tools like DNS lookup, DNS query and WHOIS. A public DNS server allows the user to write his own zone file and distribute it to the internet through public DNS hosts.

Private DNS server refers to the DNS servers that a reseller is using to provide DNS services to his customers. The customer has to have his domain registration point to the DNS servers of a web host where his website is hosted so that visitors can find it. Under such server the reseller doesn’t have his own infrastructure. He actually leases the infrastructure from the actual web host.

Out of the two the Public DNS server is the most popular and most used servers. The flexibility and ease of access makes it the most popular out of the two.